Профилактика падений у пациентов пожилого и старческого возраста с сердечно-сосудистыми заболеваниями

Падение — происшествие, при котором человек внезапно оказывается на земле или на другой низкой поверхности, за  исключением случаев, являющихся следствием нанесенного удара, потери сознания, внезапного паралича или эпилептического припадка [1]. Падения и  страх падения являются серьезными проблемами для здоровья, что в свою очередь связано с высоким уровнем травматизма, негативным влиянием на качество жизни и высоким уровнем затрат на медицинскую помощь. Пациенты пожилого и старческого возраста с сердечнососудистыми заболеваниями (ССЗ) имеют высокий риск падения. Однако распространенность падений и риски падений недостаточно изучены и недооцениваются врачами и самими пациентами в клинической практике. Повышенный риск падения ассоциирован с  различными факторами, например приемом лекарственных средств, структурными заболеваниями сердца, ортостатической гипотензией и аритмиями, а также с нарушением походки и равновесия, физической слабостью, нарушениями чувствительности. Эти риски особенно важно учитывать в связи с растущим числом пожилых людей с сердечно-сосудистыми заболеваниями. Все врачи, которые участвуют в лечении пациентов с ССЗ, должны уделять внимание оценке, профилактике и лечению падений у взрослых с сердечными заболеваниями, а также лечению сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний у пациентов, подверженных риску падений.

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