Experience in implementing educational programs for elderly patients in the conditions of the OGBUZ Clinical Hospital for War Veterans

BACKGROUND. The School of Health is an organizational form of group preventive counseling (ICD 10, Z70–Z76), hygienic education and upbringing, which is a comprehensive medical preventive service. The implementation of educational programs for patients of the older age group is a promising part of the formation of a healthy lifestyle, prevention of polypragmasia, improvement of quality of life and other aspects of a rational approach to the personification of medical care for elderly patients.

OBJECTIVE. To analyze the experience of conducting educational events in a hospital and polyclinic; evaluate the effectiveness of patient education at different stages of medical care; to determine the learning factors of different groups of patients and to identify the problems of effective interaction in learning groups.

MATERIALS AND METHODS.

1. Questionnaire-Patient feedback reviews.
2. Educational modules on nosological profiles.

RESULTS. Schools for citizens with various chronic diseases or with a high risk of developing them are a mandatory component of the second stage of dispensary examination of the adult population and dispensary monitoring of citizens of the second and third health groups (Order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation of April 27, 2021, No. 404n, "On Approval of the Procedure for Preventive Medical Examination and Dispensary Examination of Certain Groups of the Adult Population").

It is recommended to conduct schools on the basis of the department (office) of medical prevention for adults or Health Centers. In addition, the introduction of health schools in a round-the-clock hospital is an important tool for creating continuity of education for patients at different stages of medical care. Educational modules in the hospital and in the polyclinic carry a different information load.

An analysis was conducted of the experience of health schools in the context of the 24-hour inpatient clinic of the Clinical Hospital for Veterans and the outpatient clinic of the hospital of the Institute of Scientific and Research Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The patient underwent a four-month hospitalization, during which time they were treated in a medical facility. The study population comprised 127 patients from the older age group, with an average age of 76.7 years. Among the total sample of participants, 84 of the subjects were female, while 43 of the subjects were male. A total of 18 lectures, 27 seminars, and 4 master classes were conducted. In the polyclinic, 77 women and 23 men (average age 73.2 years) were trained. 22 lectures, 8 seminars, and 3 masterclasses were held. The topics of lectures and seminars are devoted to the prevention of non-communicable diseases. 120 feedback questionnaires from patients after participating in educational modules in the hospital and 94 outpatient questionnaires were analyzed.

CONCLUSION. According to the results of the conducted research, based on the questionnaire, it was established:

1. The issues of rational use of medicines, organization of proper nutrition in diabetes mellitus and gastrointestinal infarction, and prevention of falls are of the greatest interest to patients of the older age group both in the hospital and in the polyclinic.
2. Seminars in small groups and masterclasses are recognized as the most effective forms of training.
3. The features of the organization of educational events are identified – poor perception of lecture material due to hearing impairment in elderly patients, rapid exhaustion of attention due to cognitive deficits.
4. The most promising forms of improving educational activities in medical organizations are:

• Working in small groups
• Individual talks and trainings
• Mandatory visualization
• Visual handout
• The delivered voice of the doctor Simple speech in short phrases
• The duration of the review part is no more than 20 minutes
• Repeating key phrases for memorization
• Enough time for questions and answers
• Involving middle staff in the organization of lessons
• Choosing a comfortable room
• Speaker 's patience