geriatrРоссийский журнал гериатрической медициныRussian Journal of Geriatric Medicine2686-86362686-8709Сайт издателя10.37586/2686-8636-3-2020-243-249geriatr-62Research ArticleОБЗОРЫREVIEWSНемедикаментозная терапия когнитивных расстройствNon-pharmacological therapies of cognitive impairmenthttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2196-1068МаневичТ. М.ManevichT. M.

Маневич Татьяна Михайловна - кандидат медицинских наук, заведующая отделением гериатрической неврологии, ФГАОУ ВО РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова Минздрава России, Российский геронтологический научно-клинический центр.

Москва.

Телефон: +7(903) 675-88-02

MD, PhD, Head of the Neurology department Pirogov National Research Medical University, Russian Gerontology Research and Clinical Centre.

Moscow

+7(903) 675-88-02

Nadezda5775@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2597-981XМхитарянЭ. А.MkhitaryanE. A.

Мхитарян Элен Араиковна - кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры болезней старения ФДПО ФГАОУ ВО РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова Минздрава России, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории общей гериатрии Российского геронтологического научно-клинического центра ФГАОУ ВО РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова Минздрава России.

Москва.

Телефон: +7(916) 653-36-78

MD, PhD of the Department of Aging Diseases, Pirogov National Research Medical University, Russian Gerontology Research and Clinical Centre.

Moscow.

+7(916) 653-36-78

melen99@mail.ruРНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова Минздрава России, Российский геронтологический научно-клинический центрРоссияPirogov Russian National Research Medical University of Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Russian Gerontology Research and Clinical CentreRussian Federation20200209202003243249Copyright © Маневич Т.М., Мхитарян Э.А., 20202020Маневич Т.М., Мхитарян Э.А.Manevich T.M., Mkhitaryan E.A.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.geriatr-news.com/jour/article/view/62

Нарушения когнитивных функций являются одним из наиболее частых расстройств у людей пожилого и старческого возраста. В данной статье обсуждаются современные методы немедикаментозной терапии когнитивных расстройств на додементной стадии и стадии лёгкой деменции. Особое внимание уделено методам когнитивной реабилитации пациентов с нейродегенеративными и постинсультными нарушениями. Обсуждаются различные влияния нейропластичности головного мозга и церебрального когнитивного резерва. Анализируется взаимосвязь эффективности сочетанного применения физических упражнений и когнитивного тренинга, а также влияние особенностей кровоснабжения гипппокампа на когнитивный резерв.

Cognitive disturbances are very frequent problems of the aged people. The review is dedicated to the modern methods of nonpharmacologic treatment of the predemention stage and mild dementia. There are data of reviews and meta-analysis of cognitive rehabilitation of the neurodegenerative and post-stroke cognitive disturbances. The mechanisms of brain neuroplasticity and the phenomenon of cognitive cerebral reserve are discussed. The relationship between effectiveness of the aerobic exercises and cognitive training is analysed and the influence of the hyppocamp blood supply on the cognitive reserve is also discussed.

немедикаментозное лечениекогнитивная реабилитациянейропластичностькогнитивный резервкомпьютерный тренингфизическая активностьnonpharmacological treatmentcognitive rehabilitationcognitive reservecomputer trainingphysical activityReferencesЯхно Н.Н., Захаров В.В., Локшина А.Б., Коберская Н.Н., Мхитарян Э.А. Деменции. Руководство для врачей. 3-е изд. М.: Медпресс-информ; 2011. https://www.03book.ru/upload/iblock/987/415_Demencija_Jahno.pdfЯхно Н.Н., Захаров В.В., Локшина А.Б., Коберская Н.Н., Мхитарян Э.А. Деменции. Руководство для врачей. 3-е изд. М.: Медпресс-информ; 2011. https://www.03book.ru/upload/iblock/987/415_Demencija_Jahno.pdfЗахаров В.В. Распространенность и лечение когнитивных нарушений в неврологической клинике (Результаты Всероссийского исследования «ПРОМЕТЕЙ») /Consilium medicum, 2008; №10(2); стр. 25-29.Захаров В.В. 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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.