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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">geriatr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский журнал гериатрической медицины</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Geriatric Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2686-8636</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-8709</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Сайт издателя</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.37586/2686-8636-1-2020-57-63</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">geriatr-6</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Долгожители Москвы: функциональный, когнитивный и эмоциональный статус</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Centanarians of Moscow: functional, cognitive and emotional state</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0048-268X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ерусланова</surname><given-names>К. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Eruslanova</surname><given-names>K. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ерусланова Ксения Алексеевна  — младший научный сотрудник лаборатории сердечно-сосудистого старения</p><p>телефон: +7(499) 187-78-09</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>K.A. Eruslanova, junior research fellow, Laboratory of  vascular ageing</p><p>+7(499) 187-78-09</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">eruslanova_ka@rgnkc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6465-4842</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шарашкина</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sharashkina</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шарашкина Наталья Викторовна — канд. мед. наук, заведующая лабораторией общей гериатрии и нейрогериатрии</p><p>телефон: +7(903) 244-27-50</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>N.V. Sharashkina, MD, PhD, head of  Geriatricas and neurogeriatrics laboratory</p><p>+7(903) 244-27-50</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sharashkina_nv@rgnkc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пермикина</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Permikina</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пермикина Ирина Владимировна  — кардиолог </p><p>телефон: +7(925) 800-76-62</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>I.V. Permikina, MD</p><p>+7(925) 800-76-62</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">enenum13@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1695-9107</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лузина</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Luzina</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лузина Александра Вячеславовна — младший научный сотрудник лаборатории сердечно-сосудистого старения </p><p>телефон: +7(968) 553-58-22</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>A.V. Luzina, junior research fellow, Laboratory of  vascular ageing</p><p>+7(968) 553-58-22</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alexalav@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0556-1697</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Онучина</surname><given-names>Ю. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Onuchina</surname><given-names>Y. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Онучина Юлия Сергеевна  — младший научный сотрудник лаборатории возрастных метаболических эндокринных нарушений</p><p>телефон: +7(985) 436-69-31 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yu. S. Onuchina, junior research fellow, laboratory of  age-related endocrina and metabolic diseases</p><p>+7(985) 436-69-31</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">onuchina90@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1222-3351</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Остапенко</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ostapenko</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Остапенко Валентина Сергеевна, канд. мед. наук, врач-гериатр, заведующая отделением гериатрической терапии</p><p>телефон: +7(916) 244-59-24</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>V.S. Ostapenko, MD, PhD, Head of geriatrics department</p><p>+7(916) 244-59-24</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ostapenkovalent@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1628-5093</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Котовская</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kotovskaya</surname><given-names>Y. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Котовская Юлия Викторовна — д-р мед. наук, профессор, заместитель директора по  научной работе</p><p>телефон: +7(499) 187-78-09</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yu.V. Kotovskaya, MD, PhD, professor, Deputy Director</p><p>+7(499) 187-78-09</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kotovskaya_yv@rgnkc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4193-688X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ткачева</surname><given-names>О. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tkacheva</surname><given-names>O. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ткачева Ольга Николаевна  — д-р мед. наук, профессор, директор </p><p>телефон: +7(499) 187-64-67 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>O.N. Tkacheva, MD, PhD, professor, Director</p><p>+7(499) 187-64-67</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tkacheva@rgnkc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5272-0454</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рунихина</surname><given-names>Н. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Runikhina</surname><given-names>N. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рунихина Надежда Константиновна  — д-р мед. наук, профессор, заместитель директора по гериатрической работе</p><p>телефон: +7(499) 187-78-09</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>N.K. Runikhina, MD, PhD, Deputy Director</p><p>+7(499) 187-78-09</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nkrunihina@rgnkc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО «Российский научно-исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России, обособленное структурное подразделение Российский геронтологический научно-клинический центр<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; Russian Clinical and Research Center of Gerontology<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>02</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>57</fpage><lpage>63</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ерусланова К.А., Шарашкина Н.В., Пермикина И.В., Лузина А.В., Онучина Ю.С., Остапенко В.С., Котовская Ю.В., Ткачева О.Н., Рунихина Н.К., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ерусланова К.А., Шарашкина Н.В., Пермикина И.В., Лузина А.В., Онучина Ю.С., Остапенко В.С., Котовская Ю.В., Ткачева О.Н., Рунихина Н.К.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eruslanova K.A., Sharashkina N.V., Permikina I.V., Luzina A.V., Onuchina Y.S., Ostapenko V.S., Kotovskaya Y.V., Tkacheva O.N., Runikhina N.K.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.geriatr-news.com/jour/article/view/6">https://www.geriatr-news.com/jour/article/view/6</self-uri><abstract><p>Целью исследования является оценка функционального, когнитивного и эмоционального состояние долгожителей для определения объема необходимой помощи со стороны социальных служб и медицинского персонала.</p><p>По данным регистра супер-долгожителей Москвы было набрано 82 человека в возрасте от 95 до 105 лет. Участники осматривались на дому. Пациентам проводилась комплексная гериатрическая оценка, включающая оценку общего уровня физической и  инструментальной активности, психического статуса и когнитивных функций. Для этого применялись следующие опросники: краткая шкала оценки психического статуса (MMSE), гериатрическая шкала депрессии, индекс Бартел (активность в повседневной жизни), IADL (оценка инструментальной активности), для оценки качества жизни использовалась визуально оценочная шкала (ВАШ).</p><p>Исследование показало, что в среднем у людей, достигших 100-летнего юбилея или приближающихся к  нему, сохранялся высокий уровень инструментальной (15.6+/–5.4) и  повседневной активности (72 +/–27.8). В  целом у  участников исследования не  было выявлено значимого снижения когнитивных функций (21.8 +/–5.6) и эмоционального уровня (6.3 +/–4.1).</p><p>Первые данные показали уникальность и хрупкость людей данной возрастной группы. Будущая работа с использованием аналогичного комплексного и многомерного подхода необходима для лучшего понимания процессов старения и факторов риска, ухудшающих состояние пациентов, что будет способствовать росту числа долгожителей с высоким уровнем удовлетворенности жизнью.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The long-livers of Moscow: functional, cognitive and emotional status. Aim: To evaluate the functional, cognitive and emotional state of long-livers for determining the amount of necessary assistance from social services and medical personnel.</p><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods: According to  the register of  super-long-livers of  Moscow, 82 people aged from 95 to 105 years were recruited. Participants looked around at home. When visiting, the comprehensive geriatric assessment were performed for each paitent, including an  assessment of  the overall level of physical and instrumental activity, mental status and cognitive functions. The following questionnaires were used for the assessment: a  brief scale of  mental status assessment (MMSE), a  geriatric scale of  depression, the Barthel index (activity in  everyday life), IADL (assessment of instrumental activity), to assess the quality of life, a visual assessment scale (VAS) was used.</p></sec><sec><title>Result</title><p>Result: The study showed that, on average, people who reached or were approaching the 100th anniversary had a high level of instrumental (15.6 +/–5.4) and daily activity (72 +/–27.8). In general, no significant decrease in cognitive functions (21.8 +/–5.6) and emotional level (6.3 +/–4.1) was detected in the study participants.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion: The first data showed the uniqueness and fragility of  people in  this age group. Future work using a similar integrated and multidimensional approach is necessary for a better understanding of aging processes and risk factors worsening the condition of patients, ensuring an increase in the number of centenarians with a high level of life satisfaction.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>долгожители</kwd><kwd>комплексная гериатрическая оценка</kwd><kwd>старческая астения</kwd><kwd>столетние</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>older adults</kwd><kwd>complex geriatric assessment</kwd><kwd>frailty</kwd><kwd>longevity</kwd><kwd>centenarians</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">GBD 2017 Mortality Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex-specific mortality and life expectancy, 1950–2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Lancet. 2018. Nov 10; 392(10159):1684–1735. 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