geriatrРоссийский журнал гериатрической медициныRussian Journal of Geriatric Medicine2686-86362686-8709Сайт издателя10.37586/2686-8636-3-2025-332-342geriatr-598Research ArticleОБЗОРЫREVIEWSВедение пациентов с додементными когнитивными нарушениямиManagement of patients with pre-dementia cognitive impairmenthttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3110-4764КоберскаяН. Н.KoberskayaN. N.

Коберская Надежда Николаевна

Москва

Koberskaya Nadezhda Nikolaevna

Moscow

koberskaya_n_n@mail.ruФГАОУ ВО Первый МГМУ имени И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет), кафедра нервных болезней и нейрохирургии Института клинической медицины; ФГАОУ ВО РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова Минздрава России (Пироговский Университет)), ОСП «Российский геронтологический научно-клинический центр»РоссияFaculty of General Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Heath of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University); Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Pirogov University), Russian Gerontological Research and Clinical CenterRussian Federation20252010202503332342Copyright © Коберская Н.Н., 20252025Коберская Н.Н.Koberskaya N.N.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.geriatr-news.com/jour/article/view/598

Когнитивные расстройства — одна из наиболее значимых проблем людей пожилого и старческого возраста.

Особое внимание необходимо уделять диагностике ранних додементных стадий когнитивных нарушений: субъективного и легкого когнитивного снижения и умеренных когнитивных расстройств. В обзоре приводятся современные представления о классификации додементных форм когнитивного снижения, их диагностике и терапевтических подходах к ведению пациентов с данными нарушениями. Акцентируется внимание на нефармакологических методах ведения пациентов с начальными формами когнитивного снижения. Обсуждается роль когнитивного тренинга, физической активности и социализации таких пациентов. При рассмотрении медикаментозной терапии додементных когнитивных нарушений обсуждается значение профиля безопасности препаратов, что имеет особую значимость у контингента пожилого возраста. Поиск безопасных и хорошо переносимых препаратов для пожилых людей остается актуальной задачей специалистов. Рассматривается возможность применения препарата Проспекта при ведении пациентов с ранним когнитивным снижением.

Cognitive disorders are one of the most significant problems for elderly and senile people. Particular attention should be paid to the diagnosis of early pre-dementia stages of cognitive impairment: subjective and subtle cognitive decline and mild cognitive impairment. The review presents current concepts of classification of pre-demential forms of cognitive decline, their diagnosis, and therapeutic approaches to managing patients with these disorders. Non-pharmacological methods for managing patients with initial forms of cognitive declines are discussed. The importance of cognitive training, physical activity, and socialization for such patients is highlighted. When considering drug therapy for pre-demetial cognitive impairment, the safety profile of medications is discussed, especially in the elderly population, where it is important. Finding safe and well-tolerated medications for elderly patients remains a priority for specialists. The possibility of using Prospekta in the management of patients with early cognitive decline is being considered.

додементные когнитивные нарушениясубъективное когнитивное снижениелегкое когнитивное снижениеумеренное когнитивное расстройствокогнитивный тренингнейропротекцияПроспектаpre-dementia cognitive impairmentsubjective cognitive declinesubtle cognitive declinemild cognitive impairmentcognitive trainingneuroprotectionProspektaРабота выполнена при поддержке ООО «НПФ «МАТЕРИА МЕДИКА ХОЛДИНГ».The work was carried out with the support of RPC MATERIA MEDICA HOLDING LLC.ReferencesPetersen R. C. Mild Cognitive Impairment. Continuum (Minneap Minn). 2016 ; 22 (2 Dementia) : 404–418. doi: 10.1212/CON.0000000000000313.Petersen R. C. Mild Cognitive Impairment. Continuum (Minneap Minn). 2016 ; 22 (2 Dementia) : 404–418. doi: 10.1212/CON.0000000000000313.Seo E. H., Kim H., Choi K. Y., et al. Pre-Mild Cognitive Impairment: Can Visual Memory Predict Who Rapidly Convert to Mild Cognitive Impairment? Psychiatry Investig. 2018 ; 15 (9) : 869–875. doi: 10.30773/pi.2018.07.29.1.Seo E. H., Kim H., Choi K. 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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.