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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">geriatr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский журнал гериатрической медицины</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Geriatric Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2686-8636</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-8709</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Сайт издателя</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.37586/2686-8636-4-2024-328-334</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">geriatr-471</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Показатели гериатрического статуса в послеоперационном периоде на фоне применения реабилитационных программ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Indicators of geriatric status in the postoperative period in patients included in rehabilitation programs</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1695-9107</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лузина</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Luzina</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лузина Александра Вячеславовна,</p><p>Москва.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">luzina_a@rgnkc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5272-0454</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рунихина</surname><given-names>Н. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Runikhina</surname><given-names>N. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рунихина Надежда Константиновна, д.м.н., профессор, заместитель директора по гериатрической работе ОСП РГНКЦ,</p><p>Москва.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nkrunihina@rgnkc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4481-1740</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сиротин</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sirotin</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сиротин И.В.,</p><p>Москва.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4193-688X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ткачева</surname><given-names>О. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tkacheva</surname><given-names>O. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ткачева Ольга Николаевна, член-корр. РАН, д.м.н., профессор, директор ОСП РГНКЦ, главный внештатный гериатр Минздрава России,</p><p>Москва.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tkacheva@rgnkc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России (Пироговский Университет)<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Russian Gerontological Research and Clinical Center<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>328</fpage><lpage>334</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Лузина А.В., Рунихина Н.К., Сиротин И.В., Ткачева О.Н., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Лузина А.В., Рунихина Н.К., Сиротин И.В., Ткачева О.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Luzina A.V., Runikhina N.K., Sirotin I.V., Tkacheva O.N.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.geriatr-news.com/jour/article/view/471">https://www.geriatr-news.com/jour/article/view/471</self-uri><abstract><p>По мере старения населения все большее значение приобретает сохранение функциональной независимости людей пожилого возраста, особенно в группах пациентов хирургического профиля [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="cit1">1</xref>].</p><p>Мобильность является жизненно важным компонентом выполнения основных видов повседневной деятельности пожилых людей. Исследования показали важность определения показателей подвижности для прогностической оценки инвалидности в пожилом возрасте [2, 3], даже у пожилых людей с сохранной функциональностью [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="cit4">4</xref>]. Восстановление мобильности во время и после госпитализации имеет решающее значение для поддержания физической активности, участия в социальной жизни и сохранения своей автономии [5, 6].</p><sec><title>ЦЕЛЬ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</title><p>ЦЕЛЬ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ. Оценить гериатрический статус пациентов после плановых ортопедических операций (эндопротезирование коленного и тазобедренного сустава) на фоне применения реабилитационных программ.</p></sec><sec><title>МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ</title><p>МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ. В исследование было включено 100 пациентов, с равным распределением пациентов в группах эндопротезирования коленного и тазобедренного сустава. На догоспитальном этапе пациентам проводилась диагностика синдрома старческой астении (ССА), в соответствии с клиническими рекомендациями «Старческая астения» [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="cit7">7</xref>], по результатам которой пациенты разделялись на две группы: с ССА и без ССА. При поступлении на оперативное лечение выполнялась КГО, включающая показатели базовой (Barthel Activities of daily living Index, шкала Бартел [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="cit8">8</xref>]) и инструментальной активности (The Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale, шкала IADL [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="cit9">9</xref>]), оценку питания (Mini Nutritional Assessment (шкала MNA)), когнитивных функций (краткая шкала оценки психического статуса (КШОПС) [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="cit10">10</xref>]), депрессии (Geriatric Depression Scale, шкала GDS-15 [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="cit11">11</xref>]), а также качества жизни (A Visual Analogue Scale, шкала EQ-VAS [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="cit12">12</xref>]). В амбулаторном периоде повторно проводилась КГО через 12 месяцев после хирургического лечения. Реабилитационные программы носили общий характер и включали рекомендации по физической активности не менее 150 минут в неделю, с акцентом на аэробных упражнениях для пациентов с ССА.</p></sec><sec><title>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ</title><p>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ. Средний возраст пациентов c гонартрозом составил 69,2 ± 6,0 лет, средний возраст пациентов c коксартрозом 67,6 ± 5,5 лет. В группе пациентов через 12 месяцев после эндопротезирования коленных суставов, применения комплексных реабилитационных программ отмечено незначительное, однако статистически значимое улучшение функционального статуса, когнитивного статуса, показателя питания, а также отмечено улучшение качества жизни. В подгруппе пациентов с гонартрозом и ССА показатели функциональной активности в течении 12 месяцев после оперативного лечения оставались стабильными, отмечено статистически значимое улучшение показателей КШОПС (исходно 26,5 ± 3,0 баллов и через 12 месяцев 28,8 ± 2,2 баллов, р &lt; 0,05) и качества жизни (исходно 58,6 ± 12,4 баллов и через 12 месяцев 67,4 ± 10,3 баллов, р &lt; 0,05). В группе пациентов через 12 месяцев после эндопротезирования тазобедренных суставов и применения комплексных реабилитационных программ было отмечено статистически значимое улучшение функционального статуса, когнитивного статуса, показателя питания, а также отмечено улучшение качества жизни и гериатрической шкалы депрессии. В подгруппе пациентов с коксартрозом и ССА отмечено статистически значимое улучшение показателей функционального статуса (шкала Бартел исходно 91,1 ± 14,7 баллов и через 12 месяцев 97,9 ± 8,0 баллов, р &lt; 0,05), мобильности по результатам теста «Встань и иди» (исходно 16,92 ± 7,14 и через 12 месяцев 8,45 ± 5,51 сек, р &lt; 0,05), КШОПС (исходно 27,9 ± 2,0 баллов и через 12 месяцев 29,6 ± 0,6 баллов, р &lt; 0,05), качества жизни (исходно 60,4 ± 13,7 баллов и через 12 месяцев 83,6 ± 8,6 баллов, р &lt; 0,05) и гериатрической шкалы депрессии (шкала GDS-15 исходно 4,4 ± 3,0 балла и через 12 месяцев 2,0 ± 1,5 балла, р &lt; 0,05) через год после оперативного лечения на фоне проведенных реабилитационных программ.</p></sec><sec><title>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ</title><p>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ. Применение рекомендаций по физической активности и мобильности способствуют поддержанию функциональной активности в течение первого года после эндопротезирования коленного и тазобедренного суставов у исходно ослабленных пожилых пациентов.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>With progressive population aging, maintaining the functional independence of older adults, especially in surgical patient groups, is becoming increasingly important [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="cit1">1</xref>].</p><p>Mobility is a critical component for performing basic daily activities in older adults. Studies have shown the significance of assessing mobility indicators for predicting disability in older age [2, 3], even in older patients with preserved functional capacities [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="cit4">4</xref>].</p><p>Restoring mobility during and after hospitalization is very important for maintaining physical activity, social participation, and autonomy [5, 6].</p><sec><title>AIM</title><p>AIM: To evaluate the geriatric status of patients included in rehabilitation programs after planned orthopedic operations (knee and hip joint replacement).</p></sec><sec><title>MATERIALS AND METHODS</title><p>MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 100 patients, evenly distributed between groups with knee and hip joint replacement surgeries. At the pre-hospital stage, patients were screened for frailty syndrome according to the clinical guidelines for «Frailty Syndrome» [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="cit7">7</xref>]. Based on the results, the patients were divided into two groups: with and without frailty syndrome. Upon admission for surgical treatment, a Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) was conducted, including basic activity indicators (Barthel Activities of Daily Living Index [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="cit8">8</xref>]), instrumental activity indicators (The Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="cit9">9</xref>]), nutrition assessment (Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA)), cognitive functions (MiniMental State Examination [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="cit10">10</xref>]), depression (Geriatric Depression Scale, GDS-15 [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="cit11">11</xref>]), and quality of life (EQ-VAS [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="cit12">12</xref>]). During the outpatient period, the CGA was repeated 12 months after surgical treatment. Rehabilitation programs included general recommendations for physical activity of at least 150 minutes per week, with an emphasis on aerobic exercise for patients with frailty syndrome.</p></sec><sec><title>RESULTS</title><p>RESULTS: The mean age of patients with gonarthrosis was 69.2±6.0 years; the mean age of patients with coxarthrosis was 67.6±5.5 years. In the group of patients 12 months after knee joint replacement and complex rehabilitation programs, there was a slight but statistically significant improvement in functional status, cognitive status, nutritional indicators, quality of life. Among patients with gonarthrosis and frailty syndrome, functional activity indicators remained stable for 12 months after surgery; with significant improvement in MMSE scores (baseline: 26.5±3.0; at 12 months: 28.8±2.2, p &lt; 0.05) and quality of life (baseline: 58.6±12.4; at 12 months: 67.4±10.3, p &lt; 0.05). In the group of patients 12 months after hip joint replacement and complex rehabilitation programs, statistically significant improvements were observed in functional status, cognitive status, nutritional indicators, quality of life, and Geriatric Depression Scale scores. Among patients with coxarthrosis and frailty syndrome, there were significant improvements in functional status (Barthel Index, baseline: 91.1±14.7; at 12 months: 97.9±8.0, p &lt; 0.05), mobility (Timed Up and Go Test, baseline: 16.92±7.14; at 12 months: 8.45±5.51 seconds, p &lt; 0.05), MMSE (baseline: 27.9±2.0; at 12 months: 29.6±0.6, p &lt; 0.05), quality of life (baseline: 60.4±13.7; at 12 months: 83.6±8.6, p &lt; 0.05), and depression scores (GDS-15, baseline: 4.4±3.0; at 12 months: 2.0±1.5, p &lt; 0.05) after one year of surgical treatment and rehabilitation.</p></sec><sec><title>CONCLUSION</title><p>CONCLUSION: Recommendations for physical activity and mobility contribute to maintaining functional activity during the first year after knee and hip replacement surgery in initially frail elderly patients.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гериатрия</kwd><kwd>пожилые люди</kwd><kwd>синдром старческой астении</kwd><kwd>реабилитация</kwd><kwd>периоперационный период</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>geriatrics</kwd><kwd>older adults</kwd><kwd>frailty syndrome</kwd><kwd>rehabilitation</kwd><kwd>perioperative period</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Martínez-Velilla N., Cadore E.L., Casas-Herrero Á., Idoate-Saralegui F., Izquierdo M. 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