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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">geriatr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский журнал гериатрической медицины</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Geriatric Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2686-8636</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-8709</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Сайт издателя</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.37586/2686-8636-4-2024-263-269</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">geriatr-460</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Реабилитация пациентов с коморбидной патологией: возрастные особенности</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Rehabilitation of patients with comorbid pathology: age specifics</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3901-6409</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воротынов</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vorotynov</surname><given-names>Y. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юрий Александрович Воротынов, врач-терапевт, аспирант кафедры терапии,</p><p>Санкт-Петербург.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">jv11@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1287-486X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кантемирова</surname><given-names>Р. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kantemirova</surname><given-names>R. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Раиса Кантемировна Кантемирова, доктор медицинских наук, Заслуженный врач РФ, главный научный сотрудник, зав. кафедрой терапии, зав. терапевтическим отделением клиники; профессор кафедры госпитальной терапии СПбГУ; зав. лабораторией социальной адаптации и профилактики инвалидности отдела клинической геронтологии и гериатрии,</p><p>Санкт-Петербург.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">terapium@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0934-6094</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фидарова</surname><given-names>З. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fidarova</surname><given-names>Z. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Залина Даниловна Фидарова, кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры терапии; старший научный сотрудник лаборатории социальной адаптации и профилактики инвалидности отдела клинической геронтологии и гериатрии,</p><p>Санкт-Петербург.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zalina-fidarova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6007-3824</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Обрезан</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Obrezan</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Андрей Андреевич Обрезан, врач-кардиолог, аспирант кафедры терапии,</p><p>Санкт-Петербург.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">obrezan2@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Федеральный научно-образовательный центр медико-социальной экспертизы и реабилитации им. Г.А. Альбрехта» Министерства труда и социальной защиты Российской Федерации<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Albreсht Federal Scientific and Educational Centre of Mediсal and Social Expertise and Rehabilitation of the Ministry of Labour and Social Protection of the Russian Federation<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Федеральный научно-образовательный центр медико-социальной экспертизы и реабилитации им. Г.А. Альбрехта» Министерства труда и социальной защиты Российской Федерации; Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет; АННО ВО НИЦ «Санкт-Петербургский Институт биорегуляции и геронтологии»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Albreсht Federal Scientific and Educational Centre of Mediсal and Social Expertise and Rehabilitation of the Ministry of Labour and Social Protection of the Russian Federation; St. Petersburg State University; Saint-Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Федеральный научно-образовательный центр медико-социальной экспертизы и реабилитации им. Г.А. Альбрехта» Министерства труда и социальной защиты Российской Федерации; АННО ВО НИЦ «Санкт-Петербургский Институт биорегуляции и геронтологии»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Albreсht Federal Scientific and Educational Centre of Mediсal and Social Expertise and Rehabilitation of the Ministry of Labour and Social Protection of the Russian Federation; Saint-Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>263</fpage><lpage>269</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Воротынов Ю.А., Кантемирова Р.К., Фидарова З.Д., Обрезан А.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Воротынов Ю.А., Кантемирова Р.К., Фидарова З.Д., Обрезан А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Vorotynov Y.A., Kantemirova R.K., Fidarova Z.D., Obrezan A.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.geriatr-news.com/jour/article/view/460">https://www.geriatr-news.com/jour/article/view/460</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>ВВЕДЕНИЕ</title><p>ВВЕДЕНИЕ. Персонализированный подход в реабилитации пациентов с ишемической болезнью сердца (ИБС) и сопутствующими заболеваниями опорно-двигательного аппарата (ОДА) приобретает все большую актуальность, особенно у пожилых пациентов. Число коморбидных пациентов существенно связано с возрастом. У людей пожилого возраста наблюдается склонность к медленно прогрессирующим, вялотекущим патологическим процессам, постепенно накапливается число заболеваний, особенно хронических, снижаются возможности компенсации и адаптации.</p></sec><sec><title>ЦЕЛЬ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</title><p>ЦЕЛЬ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ. Провести анализ современных методов кардиореабилитации для этой группы пациентов.</p></sec><sec><title>МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ</title><p>МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ. Для наукометрического анализа (НМА) персонализированного подхода к реабилитации пациентов с ишемической болезнью сердца, имеющих сопутствующие заболевания опорно-двигательного аппарата, применяли три вида анализа: количественный, качественный и структурный.</p></sec><sec><title>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ</title><p>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ. Результаты наукометрического анализа показывают, что традиционные программы кардиореабилитации часто неэффективны для пациентов с коморбидной патологией. Альтернативные методы, такие как водные упражнения, скандинавская ходьба и адаптированные силовые тренировки, демонстрируют высокую эффективность и безопасность. Междисциплинарный подход и индивидуальный подбор упражнений являются ключевыми факторами успешной реабилитации, в особенности у пожилых пациентов с коморбидной патологией, ассоциированной с возрастом.</p></sec><sec><title>ОБСУЖДЕНИЕ</title><p>ОБСУЖДЕНИЕ. Результаты комплексного (количественного, качественного и структурного) НМА подтверждают важность персонализированного подхода к реабилитации пациентов с ИБС и сопутствующими заболеваниями ОДА. Вместе с тем ограничением данного обзора является недостаточное количество рандомизированных контролируемых исследований, оценивающих эффективность персонализированных программ реабилитации у пациентов с ИБС и заболеваниями ОДА. Большинство включенных исследований имеют небольшой размер выборки и короткий период наблюдения.</p></sec><sec><title>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ</title><p>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ. Необходимы поиск новых возможностей реабилитации, дальнейшие исследования для разработки и валидации инструментов оценки функционального статуса пациентов с коморбидной патологией и сравнения эффективности различных методов персонализированной реабилитации, с учетом инволютивных изменений, особенностей ведения пациентов пожилого возраста (взаимодействие нескольких таких факторов, как возраст, соматические заболевания, полипрагмазия, социальная дезадаптация).</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>INTRODUCTION</title><p>INTRODUCTION. A personalized approach to the rehabilitation of patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and concomitant musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) is becoming increasingly relevant, especially for older patients. The number of patients with comorbidities is significantly related to age. Older people tend to experience slowly progressive pathological conditions, they gradually develop several diseases, particularly chronic ones, and their ability to compensate and adapt is reduced.</p></sec><sec><title>OBJECTIVE</title><p>OBJECTIVE: To analyze modern methods of cardiac rehabilitation for this group of patients.</p></sec><sec><title>MATERIALS AND METHODS</title><p>MATERIALS AND METHODS: Three types of analysis (quantitative, qualitative and structural) were used to conduct the scientometric analysis of a personalized approach in the rehabilitation of patients with CHD and concomitant MSDs.</p></sec><sec><title>RESULTS</title><p>RESULTS: The findings from the indicate that conventional cardiac rehabilitation programs often fail to produce satisfactory results for patients with concomitant conditions. Alternative modalities, such as aquatic exercise, Nordic walking, and personalized resistance training, have been shown to be highly effective and safe. A multidisciplinary approach and tailored exercise prescription are crucial components for successful rehabilitation, particularly in older individuals with age-related concomitant conditions.</p></sec><sec><title>DISCUSSION</title><p>DISCUSSION: The findings of a comprehensive scientometric analysis, which includes quantitative, qualitative, and structural analysis, support the significance of a personalized approach to rehabilitation for patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and comorbid musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). However, a limitation of the review is the absence of randomized controlled trials that evaluate the effectiveness of personalized rehabilitation programs based on scientometric analysis for patients with CHD and MSDs. Most studies included in the review had small sample sizes and short follow-up periods.</p></sec><sec><title>CONCLUSION</title><p>CONCLUSION: Further research is required to explore new rehabilitation options, develop and validate tools for assessing the functional status of comorbid patients, and compare the efficacy of various individualized rehabilitation techniques, taking into consideration the age-related changes and specific characteristics of older individuals (the interaction of several factors such as age, somatic diseases, polypragmasia, social maladaptation).</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ишемическая болезнь сердца</kwd><kwd>заболевания опорно-двигательного аппарата</kwd><kwd>кардиореабилитация</kwd><kwd>персонализированная медицина</kwd><kwd>коморбидность</kwd><kwd>физические упражнения</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>coronary heart disease</kwd><kwd>musculoskeletal disorders</kwd><kwd>cardiac rehabilitation</kwd><kwd>personalized medicine</kwd><kwd>comorbidity</kwd><kwd>physical exercise</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Marzolini S., Leung Y.W., Alter D.A., Wu G., Grace S.L. 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