geriatrРоссийский журнал гериатрической медициныRussian Journal of Geriatric Medicine2686-86362686-8709Сайт издателя10.37586/2686-8636-1-2024-40-48geriatr-407Research ArticleОБЗОРЫREVIEWSПатогенетические и клинические взаимосвязи хронической обструктивной болезни легких, саркопении и старческой астенииPathogenetic and Clinical Relationships between Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Sarcopenia and Frailtyhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8737-4264СергееваВ. А.SergeevaV. A.

Сергеева Виктория Алексеевна, канд. мед. наук, доцент кафедры терапии с курсами кардиологии, функциональной диагностики и гериатрии

Саратов

Sergeeva Victoria A. , MD, PhD, associate  professor in the Department of Therapy with Courses of Cardiology, Functional Diagnostic and Geriatrics

Saratov

viktoriasergeeva@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5272-0454РунихинаН. К.RunikhinaN. K.

Рунихина Надежда Константиновна, д-р мед. наук, заместитель директора по гериатрической работе

Москва

Телефон: +7(499)187-78-09

Runikhina Nadezhda K. , MD, PhD, professor, Deputy Director

Moscow

nkrunihina@rgnkc.ruФГБОУ ВО Саратовский ГМУ им. В.И. Разумовского Минздрава РоссииРоссияSaratov State Medical University named after V. I. RazumovskyRussian FederationФГАОУ ВО РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова Минздрава России, Российский геронтологический научно-клинический центрРоссияPirogov National Research Medical University, Russian Gerontology Research and Clinical CentreRussian Federation202409042024014048Copyright © Сергеева В.А., Рунихина Н.К., 20242024Сергеева В.А., Рунихина Н.К.Sergeeva V.A., Runikhina N.K.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.geriatr-news.com/jour/article/view/407

Оценка хронической обструктивной болезни легких как гетерогенного, системного хронического вос палительного возраст-ассоциированного заболевания в рамках старения и ведущих гериатрических синдромов представляет значительный интерес с  позиции медицины старения. Понимание ключевых патогенетических механизмов, объединяющих процессы старения и  хроническую обструктивную болезнь легких, может способствовать переосмыслению терапевтических концепций у  пациентов с  описываемой коморбидностью и  рассматриваться базисом новых направлений профилактических мероприятий.

Цель обзора — актуализировать данные научных источников открытого доступа о патогенетических механизмах и клинических взаимосвязях хронической обструктивной болезни легких, саркопении, старческой астении.

Методы

Методы. Проанализированы зарубежные и отечественные научные публикации по данной тематике за последние 15 лет с помощью электронных библиотек PubMed/MedLine, Elsevier, elibrary.

Заключение

Заключение.  Проведена комплексная оценка актуальных научных данных о  патогенетических взаимосвязях хронической обструктивной болезни легких с процессом старения и ведущими гериатрическими синдромами — саркопенией и  старческой астенией. Накоплено значительное количество информации, свидетельствующей об  ухудшении клинических проявлений и  прогноза пожилых пациентов с  сочетанием описанных патологий, в  связи с  этим актуальность дальнейшего изучения этих коморбидностей сохраняется. Остается не  совсем прозрачной причинно-следственная связь этих клинических проявлений: хроническая обструктивная болезнь легких приводит к  развитию саркопении и  старческой астении либо данные гериатрические синдромы лишь сопровождают хроническую обструктивную болезнь легких как заболевание, с наибольшей частотой проявляющееся в пожилом возрасте. Представляет значительный интерес выработка терапевтических стратегий для улучшения клинических исходов пожилых пациентов с сочетанием хронической обструктивной болезни легких, старческой астении и саркопении.

The  impact  of  aging and geriatric syndromes on  chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, a  complex, chronic inflammatory condition, is a subject of significant interest in aging medicine. Understanding the key pathogenic mechanisms that combine the aging process and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease can help rethink therapeutic concepts in patients with the described comorbidity and be considered the basis of new directions for preventive measures.The purpose of the review is to update data from open access scientific sources on the pathogenetic mechanisms and clinical relationships of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, sarcopenia, and frailty.

Methods

Methods. Foreign and domestic scientific publications on this topic over the past 15 years were analyzed using electronic libraries PubMed/MedLine, Elsevier, elibrary.

Conclusion

Conclusion. An  extensive examination  of  current scientific data  was carried out to  determine the pathogenetic connections between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and the aging process, along with the prominent geriatric conditions of sarcopenia and frailty. A significant amount of information has been accumulated indicating deterioration in the clinical manifestations and prognosis of older patients with a combination of the described pathologies; therefore, the relevance of further study of these comorbidities remains. The cause-and-effect relationship of these clinical manifestations remains not entirely clear: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease leads to  the development of  sarcopenia and frailty, or  these geriatric syndromes only accompany chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, as  a disease that manifests itself most frequently in advanced age. There is significant interest in developing therapeutic strategies to improve the clinical outcomes of older patients with a combination of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, frailty and sarcopenia.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.