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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">geriatr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский журнал гериатрической медицины</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Geriatric Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2686-8636</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-8709</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Сайт издателя</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.37586/2686-8636-4-2023-248-253</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">geriatr-370</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Депрессия и другие гериатрические синдромы у институализированных долгожителей</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Depression and Other Geriatric Syndromes in Institutionalized Oldest Old</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5702-0630</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Исаев</surname><given-names>Р. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Isaev</surname><given-names>R. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Исаев Руслан Ибрагимович, младший научный сотрудник лаборатории нейрогериатрии</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Isaev Ruslan I., MD, Junior researcher, Laboratory of NeuroGeriatrics</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">isaev-doc@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2597-981X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мхитарян</surname><given-names>Э. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mkhitaryan</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мхитарян Элен Араиковна, канд. мед. наук, доцент кафедры болезней старения , заведующая лабораторией нейрогериатрии</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mkhitaryan Elen A., MD, PhD, Associate professor, Agerelated diseases department</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">melen99@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4193-688X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ткачева</surname><given-names>О. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tkacheva</surname><given-names>O. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ткачева Ольга Николаевна, член-корреспондент РАН, д-р мед. наук, профессор, директор</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tkacheva Olga N., MD, PhD, professor, corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Director</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tkacheva@rgnkc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова Минздрава России, Российский геронтологический научно-клинический центр<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Russian Gerontology Research and Clinical Centre, Pirogov National Research Medical University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title>№4(16) 2023</issue-title><fpage>248</fpage><lpage>253</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Исаев Р.И., Мхитарян Э.А., Ткачева О.Н., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Исаев Р.И., Мхитарян Э.А., Ткачева О.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Isaev R.I., Mkhitaryan E.A., Tkacheva O.N.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.geriatr-news.com/jour/article/view/370">https://www.geriatr-news.com/jour/article/view/370</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Обоснование</title><p>Обоснование. Долгожители являются самой быстрорастущей возрастной группой в России. Распространенность депрессии растет с возрастом и среди долгожителей встречается чаще, чем в более молодом возрасте. При этом частота депрессии и ее ассоциации с гериатрическими синдромами у институализированных долгожителей крайне мало изучены.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Оценить частоту депрессии, наличие и  характер её  ассоциаций с  другими гериатрическими синдромами у лиц в возрасте ≥90 лет, проживающих в стационарных учреждениях социального обеспечения (СУСО).</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. В исследовании участвовали 351 мужчин и женщин в возрасте 90 лет и старше, постоянно проживающих в стационарных учреждениях социального обеспечения г. Москвы. Оценка наличия депрессии проводилась при помощи Гериатрической шкалы депрессии (Geriatric Depression Scale, GDS-15). Всем исследуемым проводилась комплексная гериатрическая оценка. Для выявления старческой астении (СА) выполняли Краткую батарею тестов физического функционирования (КБТФФ). Оценивали базовую повседневную активность (индекс Бартел). Инструментальную повседневную активность оценивали по шкале Лоутона. Для оценки нутритивного статуса использовали краткую шкалу оценки питания (Mini-Nutritional Assessment, MNA). Для выявления недержания мочи и кала использовали шкалу базовой повседневной активности (индекс Бартел), которая содержит соответствующие вопросы. Констипационный синдром диагностировали при наличии менее 3 дефекаций в неделю. Для выявления ортостатической гипотензии проводили ортостатическую пробу. Также оценивалось наличие падений, сенсорных дефицитов, хронической боли и лекарственная терапия.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Депрессия диагностирована у 67,2% долгожителей. Выявлена более высокая частота депрессии у женщин (77,5% против 68,7%; р=0,074). Антидепрессанты получали всего 2,73% долгожителей с депрессией. Наличие хронической боли (ОШ 1,89; 95% ДИ 1,16–3,08; p=0,010), дефицита слуха (ОШ 2,20; 95% ДИ 1,29–3,74; p=0,004) и старческой астении (ОШ 5,33; 95% ДИ 2,56–11,12; p&lt;0,001) независимо ассоциировано с наличием депрессии.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Исследование показало высокую частоту депрессии при ее недостаточной терапии у институализированных долгожителей. Определены независимые факторы риска депрессии, имеющие практическое значение для клиницистов: СА, нарушение слуха и хронический болевой синдром.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. Oldest old are the fastest growing age group in Russia. The prevalence of depression increases with age and occurs more commonly among oldest old compared to lower age groups. At the same time, the frequency of depression and its association with geriatric syndromes in institutionalized oldest old is poorly studied.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To  assess the frequency of  depression, the presence and nature of  its associations with other geriatric syndromes in persons aged ≥90 years, who live in long term care facilities (LTCF).</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The study involved 351 men and women aged 90 years and older permanently residing in the LTCF of Moscow. Depression was ascertained with the Geriatric Depression Scale. (GDS-15). All the subjects underwent a  comprehensive geriatric assessment. To  diagnose the frailty, we  used the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB). The Bartel index was used to  assess performance of  activities of  daily living. Instrumental activities of  daily living were assessed using the Lawton scale. Nutritional status was assessed based on the Mini-Nutritional Assessment (MNA). To detect urinary and fecal incontinence, a scale of activities of daily living (Bartel index) was used, which contains relevant questions. Constipation syndrome was diagnosed in the presence of less than 3 bowel movements per week. An orthostatic test was performed to detect orthostatic hypotension. The presence of falls, sensory deficits, chronic pain and drug therapy were also assessed.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Depression was diagnosed in 67.2% of oldest old. A higher incidence of depression was found in women (77.5% vs. 68.7%; p=0.074). Only 2.73% of oldest old with depression received antidepressants. The presence of chronic pain (OR 1.89; 95% CI 1.16–3.08; p=0.010), hearing deficiency (OR 2.20; 95% CI 1.29–3.74; p=0.004) and frailty (OR 5.33; 95% CI 2.56–11.12; pp&lt;0.001) is independently associated with the presence of depression.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The study showed a  high incidence of  depression with insufficient therapy in  institutionalized oldest old. Independent risk factors of depression that are of practical importance for clinicians have been identified: frailty, hearing impairment and chronic pain syndrome.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>долгожители</kwd><kwd>девяностолетние</kwd><kwd>столетние</kwd><kwd>депрессия</kwd><kwd>институализация</kwd><kwd>дома престарелых</kwd><kwd>старческая астения</kwd><kwd>хроническая боль</kwd><kwd>нарушение слуха</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>oldest old</kwd><kwd>nonagenarians</kwd><kwd>centenarians</kwd><kwd>depression</kwd><kwd>institutionalization</kwd><kwd>nursing homes</kwd><kwd>frailty</kwd><kwd>chronic pain syndrome</kwd><kwd>hearing impairment</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kawas C.H., Legdeur N., Corrada M.M. What have we learned from cognition in the oldest-old. Curr Opin Neurol. 2021;34(2):258–265. 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