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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">geriatr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский журнал гериатрической медицины</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Geriatric Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2686-8636</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-8709</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Сайт издателя</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.37586/2686-8636-2-2021-186-190</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">geriatr-175</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Превентивные технологии в гериатрии: фокус на падения</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Preventive technologies in geriatrics: focus on falls</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6465-4842</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шарашкина</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sharashkina</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шарашкина Наталья Викторовна - доктор медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории общей гериатрии и нейрогериатрии РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова Минздрава России, Российский геронтологический научно-клинический центр.</p><p>Москва.</p><p>Тел.: +7(903)244-27-50</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sharashkina Natalia V. - MD, PhD, head of Geriatricas and neurogeriatrics laboratory, Pirogov National Research Medical University, Russian Gerontology Research and Clinical Centre.</p><p>Moscow.</p><p>Tel.: +7(903)244-27-50</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sharashkina_nv@rgnkc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5272-0454</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рунихина</surname><given-names>Н. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Runikhina</surname><given-names>N. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рунихина Надежда Константиновна - доктор медицинских наук, заместитель директора по гериатрической работе, РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова Минздрава России, Российский геронтологический научно-клинический центр.</p><p>Москва.</p><p>Тел.: +7(499)187-78-09</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Runikhina Nadezhda K. - MD, PhD, Deputy Director, Pirogov National Research Medical University, Russian Gerontology Research and Clinical Centre.</p><p>Moscow.</p><p>Tel.: +7(499)187-78-09</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nkrunihina@rgnkc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова Минздрава России, Российский геронтологический научно-клинический центр<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Pirogov Russian National Research Medical, Russian Gerontology Research and Clinical Centre<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>08</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>196</fpage><lpage>200</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шарашкина Н.В., Рунихина Н.К., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шарашкина Н.В., Рунихина Н.К.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sharashkina N.V., Runikhina N.K.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.geriatr-news.com/jour/article/view/175">https://www.geriatr-news.com/jour/article/view/175</self-uri><abstract><p>Падения являются предиктором снижения функционального состояния в пожилом возрасте и институализации. Среди причин падений — сенсорные дефициты, когнитивные нарушения, хронические заболевания, такие как сердечно-сосудистые, эндокринные болезни, патология опорно-двигательной системы, применение седативных, антигипертензивных препаратов, нейролептиков и диуретиков, а также внешние причины, в том числе и неподходящие вспомогательные средства. Оптимальным методом диагностики в данном случае является комплексная гериатрическая оценка (КГО), позволяющая провести целенаправленный сбор анамнеза, детализацию обстоятельств падения, выявление факторов риска и оценку последствий. Также в ходе КГО проводится тестирование походки, баланса, определение функции нижних конечностей и суставов, а также, наряду с проведением ортостатической пробы, выявление сенсорных дефицитов. Дополнительно должно быть обсуждено рациональное питание с акцентом на достаточное потребление белка с пищей и жидкости для профилактики синдромов недостаточности питания (мальнутриции), саркопении и дегидратации.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Falls predict functional status declines in old age and institutionalization. Among the causes of the falls are sensory deficits, cognitive impairment, chronic diseases such as cardiovascular, endocrine diseases, musculoskeletal system pathology, the use of sedatives, antihypertensive drugs, neuroleptics and diuretics, as well as external causes, including inappropriate aids. The optimal diagnostic method in this case is a comprehensive geriatric assessment, which allows for focused history taking, detailing the circumstances of the fall, identification of risk factors and assessment of consequences, the gait and balance testing, determination of the lower limbs and joints functions are hold in the course of CGA along with orthostatic test that detects sensory deficits. Additional measures of mandatory recommendations should be a discussion of rational nutrition, with an emphasis on adequate intake of protein with food and fluids as prevention.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>падения</kwd><kwd>гериатрические синдромы</kwd><kwd>функциональный статус</kwd><kwd>пожилой возраст</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>falls</kwd><kwd>geriatrician syndromes</kwd><kwd>functional status</kwd><kwd>old age</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tinetti M.E., Williams C.S. The effect of falls and fall injuries on functioning in community-dwelling older persons. J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci. 1998; 53: M112-119. DOI: 10.1093/gerona/53a.2.m112.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tinetti M.E., Williams C.S. The effect of falls and fall injuries on functioning in community-dwelling older persons. J. 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