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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">geriatr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский журнал гериатрической медицины</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Geriatric Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2686-8636</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-8709</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Сайт издателя</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.37586/2686-8636-1-2021-44-52</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">geriatr-116</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние избыточного веса и ожирения на смертность у пожилых: результаты девятилетнего проспективного исследования ХРУСТАЛЬ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Impact  of overweight and obesity on mortality in older adults: results of a nine-year prospective the CRYSTAL study</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3347-0984</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Турушева</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Turusheva</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Турушева Анна Владимировна, кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры семейной медицины.</p><p>Санкт-Петербург, телефон: +7(951)676-37-14</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Turusheva Anna V., MD, PhD, associate professor of Department of Family Medicine The North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov.</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">anna.turusheva@szgmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5569-5175</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фролова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Frolova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Фролова Елена Владимировна, доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры семейной медицины.</p><p>Санкт-Петербург, телефон: +7(812)598-93-20</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Frolova Elena V., MD, PhD, professor of Department of Family Medicine.</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">elena.frolova@szgmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет имени И.И. Мечникова Минздрава России<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">The North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>04</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>44</fpage><lpage>52</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Турушева А.В., Фролова Е.В., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Турушева А.В., Фролова Е.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Turusheva A.V., Frolova E.V.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.geriatr-news.com/jour/article/view/116">https://www.geriatr-news.com/jour/article/view/116</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. По данным исследований пожилые люди с индексом массы тела (ИМТ) ≥ 25 кг/м2 имеют такой же или более низкий риск смерти, чем пожилые люди с нормальным ИМТ.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: оценить влияние ИМТ на смертность, а также его связь с мышечной силой и функциональным статусом в российской популяции.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проспективное когортное исследование Хрусталь случайной выборки людей в возрасте от 65 лет и старше. Общий срок наблюдения 9 лет. Оцениваемые параметры: ИМТ, нутритивный статус, анемия, СРБ, объем скелетной мышечной массы (СММ), функциональный статус, депрессия, деменция, хронические неинфекционные заболевания.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Участники исследования с ИМТ ≥ 25 кг/м2 имели на 34,6% ниже риск смертности от всех причин в течение 5 лет наблюдения и на 36,8% в течение 9 лет наблюдения вне зависимости от состояния нутритивного статуса, наличия хронических сопутствующих заболеваний и функционального статуса. Выявленная ассоциация обусловлена наличием большего объема СММ и силой мышц у пожилых людей с ИМТ ≥ 25 кг/м2. После поправки на все используемые в исследовании коварианты именно больший объем СММ, а не ИМТ, являлся основным фактором, ассоциированным со снижением смертности на 7,4% в течение 5 лет наблюдения.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. При оценке влияния ИМТ на смертность необходимо учитывать качественные показатели состава тела, такие как СММ и доля жира. Больший объём СММ является независимым фактором, ассоциированным со снижением риска смертности от всех причин на 7,4% в течение 5 лет наблюдения в популяции людей в возрасте от 65 лет и старше.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Abstract Introduction</title><p>Abstract Introduction. Recently studies showed that a persons aged 65 years and older with body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/ m2 have the same or lower risk of mortality than older adults with a normal BMI.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: to investigate the relationship between baseline body mass index (BMI), total skeletal muscle mass (SMM), muscle strength and all-cause mortality in the Russian population.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. The Crystal study is a prospective cohort study of a random sample of people aged 65 years and older.</p><p>The total follow-up period was 9 years. Main parameters: BMI, nutritional status, anemia, C-reactive protein, skeletal muscle mass (SMM), functional status, depression, dementia and non-communicable diseases.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Participants with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 had a 34,6% lower risk of all-cause mortality during 5 years of follow-up and a 36,8% lower risk during 9 years of follow-up, regardless of nutritional status, chronic comorbidities, and functional status. This association was linked with higher SMM in participants with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2. After adjusting for all our covariates, higher SMM, but not BMI, was associated with a 7,4% decrease in mortality during the 5-year follow-up.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. It is necessary to consider qualitative indicators of body composition, such as SMM and fat percentage during assessing the impact of BMI on mortality. The higher SMM is an independent factor associated with a 7,4% decreasing the risk of all-cause mortality over 5 years of follow-up in the population of people aged 65 years and older.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ИМТ</kwd><kwd>пожилые</kwd><kwd>смертность</kwd><kwd>скелетная мышечная масса</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>BMI</kwd><kwd>elderly</kwd><kwd>mortality</kwd><kwd>skeletal muscle mass</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Дедов И.И., Мельниченко Г.А., Шестакова М.В., Трошина Е.А., Мазурина Н.В., Шестакова Е.А., Яшков Ю.И., Неймарк А.Е., Бирюкова Е.В., Бондаренко И.З., Бордан Н.С., Дзгоева Ф.Х., Ершова Е.В., Комшилова К.А., Мкртумян А.М., Петунина Н.А., Романцова Т.И., Старостина Е.Г., Стронгин Л.Г., Суплотова Л.А., Фадеев В.В. 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